Spain

The history of Spain, a country in southern Europe, goes all the way back to ancient times, and it’s a fascinating one. Here’s a long read about Spain’s past that goes into great depth.

Periods of Antiquity

Over 35,000 years ago, ancient people were the first to settle in what is now the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal). The Atapuerca cave has the oldest human remains ever discovered in Spain, dating back around 300,000 years. Around 5,000 years ago, during the Neolithic era, people in Spain domesticated animals and started farming the land.

Those Iberian peoples

The Iberians, a Celtic people, entered what is now Spain about the year 1000 BCE. In the sixth century BCE, the Celts came ashore and took over the peninsula. At about the same time, Phoenicians and Greeks began settling the coast of Spain and establishing colonies and trading outposts.

These were the Romans.

The Roman Empire launched an invasion of Spain in 218 BCE and conquered the whole peninsula. Due to its abundance of gold and silver, Spain rose to prominence as a key province in the Roman Empire. Cities like Madrid, Barcelona, and Seville all got their starts during the Roman era. The spread of Christianity and the dominance of the Latin language in Spain.

Assembled by the Visigoths

The Visigoths were a Germanic people that invaded Spain in the fifth century CE and ruled there until the eighth century. The Visigoths were a group of people who settled in Spain and converted to Christianity.

The Arabs, or Moors,

North African Muslims known as the Moors attacked and controlled much of Spain beginning in 711 CE. The Islamic culture that the Moors brought with them influenced new methods of farming and building. Al-Andalus, the kingdom founded by the Moors, existed from 711 until 1492.

“The Reconquest”

From the eighth until the fifteenth century, Spain experienced a period known as the Reconquista. Northern Christian nations began to retake the peninsula from the Moors during this period. A unified Christian kingdom was established by Isabella and Ferdinand, Catholic Monarchs, after a lengthy and deadly era of battle known as the Reconquista.

Empire of Spain

Christopher Columbus’s voyage to the Americas in 1492 ushered in a new era of discovery and colonialism. The Spanish colonized much of Central and South America and even the Philippines on their way to becoming a significant international power.

Artists and writers like Miguel de Cervantes, Diego Velázquez, and Francisco de Zurbarán helped make the 16th and 17th centuries in Spain known as the Golden Age. However, economic difficulties and military conflicts with other European powers led to the empire’s decline beginning in the 18th century.

Century Twenty

Unrest on the political and social fronts marked the early 20th century in Spain. In 1936, a democratically elected government faced up against right-wing troops commanded by General Francisco Franco, resulting in a bloody civil war. After the war, Franco became dictator of Spain and remained in power until his death in 1975.

Spanish democracy was established after Franco’s death, and the country joined the European Union in 1986. Since then, Spain’s economy has flourished, and it’s become one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world.

Conclusion

Spain’s long and varied past reflects the influence of several civilizations. Spain has had a significant impact on the world throughout history, from the ancient era to the current day. Whether you attribute it to Roman

Racism and racial tensions in Spain have a deep and convoluted history. Because of its extensive colonial empire, the country has had extensive contact with individuals of many various cultural backgrounds throughout its history. There have been many shifts in Spain’s attitude toward racial issues over the ages, from times of relative tolerance to times of intense prejudice and discrimination.

The Beginnings of Colonialism

In the 15th century, Spain began exploring and conquering new territories across the Atlantic, marking the beginning of its colonial history. Spain’s huge colonial empire was built on the backs of its conquests of the Americas, Africa, and Asia, but this era of expansion left a legacy of racial discrimination and intolerance.

Spain did not have a consistent racial policy during the early colonial era. However, many violent and exploitative incidents occurred when Spaniards interacted with native peoples in the Americas. Slavery of Africans to plantations in the New World in the 16th century exacerbated tensions between whites and blacks in Spain’s colonies.

Codes of the Spanish Empire

During the early stages of colonization, the Spanish colonial government lacked consistent policies on how to treat people who were not of Spanish descent. But as the Spanish colonial empire grew, so did a legal system that reflected the empire’s intricate racial and ethnic caste systems.

The New Laws of the Indies were established by Spain in 1542 to better the lives of indigenous people in the colonies. Spanish colonists were required by law to treat native people with respect and to prevent them from becoming enslaved. Unfortunately, colonists frequently disregarded these regulations, and the mistreatment and exploitation of native peoples persisted.

The Spanish government created a sophisticated racial classification system that mirrored the country’s intricate socioeconomic structure. The system segregated people into groups based on their skin color, with lighter people being given more possibilities. The casta system was widely implemented across the Spanish colonial sphere.

Today’s Racism

Racism and prejudice, especially towards the country’s immigrant population, have been persistent problems in recent years for Spain. Some groups have experienced discrimination and prejudice as a result of Spain’s growing ethnic diversity, which has led to rising tensions.

The Romani people of Spain have been the target of some of the worst acts of bigotry in recent Spanish history. Spanish society has a long history of prejudice against the Romani people, often known as Gypsies. The Spanish government has taken action to combat this problem, yet Romani people continue to face persecution.

The treatment of immigrants from North Africa and other regions of the world has also been a source of concern. There has been a large inflow of immigrants to Spain in recent years, and many of them have endured discrimination and prejudice at the hands of locals. Far-right political organizations’ anti-immigrant rhetoric has contributed to this prejudice.

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